Teaching Business Ethics: Evolution of Human Rights and ...

After scanning through Talbott's excellent book Which Rights Should Be Universal? and doing some more research on the origins of the new wave of interest in Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR), I developed the diagram below. Talbott points out that from a historical perspective the evolution of rights finds its origins in repression. Eventually, the oppressed realize that oppression is not in their interest and the oppressors would not wish the same treatment for themselves. The natural human urges for equality and autonomy assert themselves and revolution occurs. Revolutions may be violent as in 1776 or "quiet" as the fall of communism in 1989. Add to this the influence of thinkers like Locke and Kant who provide the rational basis for rights and the evolutionary progress toward globally accepted standards of rights begins. This process is a great example of the process of discovery of moral truths. It fits the the theory of ethical realism that I use in my courses.

Corporations, which are quasi-persons in the global community, have responded by recognizing the rights of employees and agreeing to support various human rights. This does not solve the dilemmas faced by MNCs by any means. Indeed, it amplifies them. Because some nations are unwilling or unable to enforce even elementary human rights and their corporate-based offshoots, such as protection for whistle-blowers, the responsibility has fallen to MNCs. Add to this concerns about what in my (present) opinion are the extended and dubious "rights" associated with living standards, social security, and health care (item 25 of the Universal Declaration, 1948). How many of these kinds of "rights" will MNCs be responsible for? Fortunately, the U.N. global compact is blissfully short and puts emphasis on the problems that are more directly addressable through corporate guidelines (bribery, child labor, environmental issues).

The diagram is meant for review, as part of new materials I am developing on these issues. I tried to use images that I thought would not infringe on any copyrights, but frankly I find the copyright "information" that appears on Google Images to be less than helpful.

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Axio's EEG headband helps you teach your brain to focus (hands-on)

Usually when an EEG sensor headset graces these pages, it's used to peer into your thoughts or grant the wearer the power to control other gadgets with his or her mind. While such uses have appeal, start-up company Axio has a new EEG headband that aims to help you learn to better control your own brain. It tracks your level of mental focus in real-time and provides positive reinforcement audio feedback when you're mentally locked in. The neoprene band packs a trio of electrodes, a PCB with a Bluetooth radio and audio out, and a battery pack to power everything. It works by identifying the brainwave readings that correlate to ideal executive function in your pre-frontal cortex and shooting that data to your computer or phone via Bluetooth. Axio's software then shows an onscreen graph that charts your focus level in real-time, and for folks who prefer a more literal tracking method, there's a photo above the chart that moves in and out of focus along with your mind. Additionally, the headband provides pleasing audio neurofeedback when you're focused in order to train you to stay mentally engaged.

Gallery: Axio EEG headband hands-on

Unfortunately, we couldn't get much more information about the neurofeedback functionality, as the technology behind it is the company's secret sauce, and it won't divulge more until it's got the cash to bring the band to market. We also weren't able to actually test the band to see how it works, as it's still in the prototype phase and there's still a kink or two left to work out. Axio did tell us that the prototype we got our mitts on was the result of just six short months of work, and that after hacking together the original design using Arduino, the current iteration has a custom PCB better suited to Axio's needs. Co-founder Arye Barnehama also informed us that the band should be on sale by the end of summer, though he wouldn't say for how much or where we'll be able to pick one up. Sometime after it hits store shelves, Axio plans to release an SDK so that enterprising devs can make their own focus-aiding software and implement whatever audio feedback they prefer to help them take care of business -- a dose of Bachman-Turner Overdrive ought to do the trick.

Axio's EEG headband helps you teach your brain to focus (hands-on) originally appeared on Engadget on Tue, 19 Jun 2012 20:39:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Jun 18 2012

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